Showing posts with label Welfare. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Welfare. Show all posts

Friday, 17 September 2010

Humanity Explored - Issue No.1 by Rudo Nyangulu


Hello my name is Rudo and I would like to welcome you to Humanity Explored. This is a series of articles designed to condense the humanitarian news around the blog into bite sizes each week in order to raise awareness of the issues and start a conversation about them. Please feel free to comment with your thoughts and opinions and share the stories you have heard or the activities you are involved in that are helping make our world a better place. I would love to hear from you!






 HIV Born Free Campaign
This is an extremely important campaign that promotes an HIV free next generation by providing the medical care / treatment and education required for women who are HIV positive and pregnant or desire to have children. The international campaign is being funded through the Global fund and there are many celebrities that are lending their name and voice to the campaign including Gwyneth Paltrow and Carla Bruni - Sarkozy. See more about the campaign here. 


 World Humanitarian Day Project 2010 Video
I came across this video project on World Humanitarian Day and thought it was incredibly informative and worth a viewing. Read more about being a humanitarian here.



United Nations (UN) Women
The UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon announced Ms. Michelle Bachelet, former President of Chile, as the Head of UN Women this week. This is a significant appointment as Ms Bachelet has had extensive experience as a world leader on the global stage with a proven track record. Lending her persona and voice to the fight for gender equality and human rights for women will take UN Women to a new dimension. It is definitely a space worth watching and Humanity Explored will most certainly be watching and keeping you updated.


HIV / Aids Treatment Programs in India lacking
A woman living with AIDS in a hospital in India.
Photo by: John Isaac / World Bank


Many Aids patients in India do not receive much needed life preserving treatment on time according to the Global Fund executive director Michael Kazatchkine. This is particularly worrying as India is one of the top three countries in the world with the highest rate of infection and Aids related deaths in the world. There is need for the Indian governments spending commitments to be directed more towards health which unfortunately is not the case at present. 

Say No! To Violence against Women and Girls

Everyday a female is beaten, raped, verbally abused / belittled / intimidated / caused to live in fear of another person or sold into prostitution or some other form of slavery. This may sound like an exaggerated statement to some however it is the reality of countries all over the world including the first world. Offences against women of the violent and/or abusive nature do not only cause damage to the individual woman but it affects her children and family dynamics. I recently met with a woman who has survived domestic violence and she talked of the impact of this on her children. The breakdown of the family unit and had come to her home long before her husband left. He used tactics of manipulation and employed words which his used like fists to break down her resolve, remove all trace of self esteem in her and ensure that she is never strong enough in mind and spirit to make a stand for her rights. 

Womankind reports that least 1 out of every 3 women around the world has been beaten, coerced into sex, or otherwise abused in her lifetime withthe abuser usually someone known to her." 
Click here for more info)
“A woman is more likely to be sexually assaulted than she is to get breast cancer. But, unlike cancer, sexual violence is rarely discussed. There is a stigma attached to sexual crime, the result of attitudes that lay the blame on the woman for the rape, not the perpetrator.
"Violence against women includes: domestic violence, rape
 and sexual violence,sexual harassment, female genital mutilation, forced marriage, crimes in the name of honour, trafficking and sexual exploitation.These are mostly committed by men that women know or are in close relationship with. 'A woman is more likely to be sexually assaulted than she is to get breast cancer. But, unlike breast cancer, sexual violence is rarely discussed. There is a stigma attached to sexual crime, the result of attitudes that lay the blame on the woman for the rape, not the perpetrator.'

Sexual Violence in the UK is 54% more likely to be committed by a woman
’s current or former partner. Sexual violence of any kind from the 'mild' sexual overtures in the office to the forced sex with a partner  / a known person. Rape is a crime that is not carried out exclusively on women but thousands of girls around the world have become victims also. I had the humbling experience of talking to a young girl who had been raped a few years ago, in her case by a stranger. The blessing in her situation is that she did not get pregnant or get any STI / STD's or HIV from this violation. However the psychological impact was so great and so damaging that this girl has been in and out of the social services system and placed in many different foster care environments due to her fear of men. Her innocence robbed so young that she initially blamed herself, felt dirty at the very thought of any man looking at her and she was ashamed of herself as if she had done something wrong... You may wonder what this girl did to provoke her attacker? Did she flirt, wear her school skirt too short, accept a ride from strange me, lie about her age? The answer is no. she was a 13 and a half year old tomboy who did everything with her parents and only walked to school alone. As she did one day the perpetrator abducted her. Had she fitted the former description of the flirtatious teen, it would still not be acceptable or in any way understandable that this inhumane character sought to violate her in this manner. Furthermore, sexual assault is about control and domination often coupled with anger and and the desire to violate than it is about attraction or lust. \The are no excusable set of circumstance in which a woman or girl should be raped.

Physical Violence against women and girls is a problem of pandemic proportions. The Home Office published statistics on violence against women which showed that; In the majority of incidents of domestic violence in the UK (2007/8), the victims were women 85% of the time. Furthermore, female victims are more likely to be killed by someone they know; 48% were killed by their partner, ex-partner or lover. These statistics highlight the gravity of the issue of violence against women, an inconvenient truth that is often ignored. Women who are murdered as a result of violence and abuse in the home will have engaged the emergency services at least once prior to their death however if a woman does not disclose that she has been abused the authorities are powerless to intervene and assist her. Her friends and family will experience a change in their relationship with her where she is vague, distant and increasingly unavailable, her countenance and character changed. Responding to these subtle changes before they  escalate can be the difference between life and death for many women, please do not ignore the signs.

Human Trafficking has been defined by the United Nations as, “the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation". Human trafficking claims an estimated number of persons ranging from 500,000 to two million per year, the majority of victims are female, many of these come from poor families, third world countries. Some are sold into slavery by family members who are poor and have no way of ensuring their basic needs, others are lured in by promised a better life in another country, for example the United Kingdom, yet upon arrival their passports are confiscated and they are forced to work as sex workers to pay for their freedom. This is a reality today all over the western world not just in impoverished developing countries and it is essentially slavery in the 21st Century.

War Crimes against women are some of the most atrocious. According to Amnesty International every conflict zone they investigated in 1999 and 2000, showed that the torture of women was reported, most often in the form of sexual violence. They went on to say that; rape, when used as a weapon of war, is systematically employed for a variety of purposes, including intimidation, humiliation, political terror, extracting information, rewarding soldiers, and "ethnic cleansing".This is the reality of so many women and girls today in every war torn country whether the issue is internal conflict (such as dictatorship and military coups) or external conflict  with other countries. This tragic reality in our world today can not be accepted or ignored, particularly when young girls and women are taken from their homes and placed in 'rape camps' where they are systematically raped and beaten.  The Women's Refugee Commission state that; Gender-based violence (GBV) is any harm enacted against a person's will that is the result of power imbalances that exploit distinctions between males and females. Forms of GBV that occur during conflict and its aftermath include: sexual abuse and exploitation; domestic violence; trafficking; forced impregnation or sterilization; forced marriage; forced prostitution; forced recruitment; and harmful traditional practices, such as female genital mutilation or early marriage. Amnesty International highlight, that these acts are forms of hatred and those that result in prolific offence are tantamount to torture and are used as a rutal precursor to murder.

Where you live today...someone is being abused in one way or another...dont look the other way...be the difference in the fight against brutality and violence against women.
There are many local, national and international organisations that have been set up specifically to raise awareness and fight against all forms of violence and abuse to women and girls. A notable organisation/movement is that of the White Ribbon Campaign which was started by and is run by men. They say of themselves, 'White Ribbon is a campaign led by men who condemn violence against women and take action to tackle it.  We are part of a global campaign of men and boys committed to ending violence against women'. If you are male and reading this, go to the website for your local white ribbon campaign and submit a pledge, ladies you can make a donation to this organisation as well as your local organisations that deal with helping women who have already been abusedYou can be the difference and violence against women can stop...Get involved!        

Violence against women continues to persist as one of the most heinous, systematic and prevalent human rights abuses in the world.
Ban K-moon, UN Secretary General 

Tuesday, 14 September 2010

Homeless Briton (Revisited)

When we hear words like, ‘homelessness’, ‘social needs’, ‘poverty’ we immediately think of Africa, (which effectively represents the ‘bottom billion’ 3rd world countries in the minds of the majority of western civilization) [see http://mvsim.wikispaces.com/Extreme+Poverty?f=print]. However this state of being is not exclusively ‘African’ and can be witnessed in first world countries as we will see with the following example of what occurs in the United Kingdom. Poverty in and of itself is not as relevant in the UK environment as it would be in a third world setting. The reason for this is because the United Kingdom has a benefits system that effectively tops up the income of those who are on low incomes and provides an income for those who do not have regular employment. In a nation that has a robust system of public services that are provided free to those who are otherwise unable to provide for themselves; there are still 60 000 people who are were deemed homeless in England alone by the end of 2009.  
Homelessness is said to be the condition and social category of people without a regular house or dwelling because they cannot afford or are otherwise unable to maintain regular, safe, and adequate housing, or lack, "fixed, regular, and adequate housing. [http://portal.hud.gov/portal/page/portal/HUD/topics/homelessness/definition]. Homelessness is a state of social need which is closely linked to poverty. Whilst there is a lot of differing opinion in relation to the definition of poverty, it could be defined as; the state of being poor; lack of the means of providing material needs or comforts; deficiency in amount; scantiness. [http://www.answers.com/topic/poverty].
A homeless caucasian man who lives under the M4 motorway fly over in London, England. His poster read "A vile and brutal country England", which I failed to fully capture because he caught sight of me and began to chase me away into oncoming traffic! But I did escape unscathed.
In London alone, there are a large number of homeless people who live in bed & breakfasts (cheap guest houses) and hostels. In that group is thought that overall, 1 in 10 women, 1 in 6 under age 25 and 1 in 14 over age 60. It is also thought that relation breakdown amounts to 39%; heavy drinking amounts to 21%; losing a job amounts to 18% and having no money amounts to 13% of those who are homeless. [http://www.kalimata.co.uk/true-facts.php]. These statistics are fairly concerning especially in relation to the age group of people under 25 as there are many vulnerable young people represented here that have resorted to living rough or in shelters, often due to a breakdown in the family unit, addiction to drugs or other similar social issues. 


Newly recognised homeless households in England alone reached 60,000 in 2009 (excluding the intentionally homeless). Furthermore, there is an important distinction between those with, and those without children in relation to homelessness because many of the latter do not qualify for assistance with government provided (‘council housing’) accommodation (i.e. they are considered 'not to be in priority need'). In Scotland, the total number of households newly recognised as homeless rose substantially rose from 33,000 in 2000/01 to 43,000 in 2003/04.  It is interesting to note that the increase broadly coincided with the introduction of the 2001 Housing (Scotland) Act and the 2003 Homelessness etc. (Scotland) Act, which collectively created a framework which is much more generous towards homeless people without dependent children than before, showing that there is a certain element of choice and calculation when it comes to homelessness in the west. [http://www.poverty.org.uk/s81/index.shtml]. In Wales 8,000 households (excluding the intentionally homeless) were officially recognised as newly homeless by their local authorities in 2007.  [http://www.poverty.org.uk/i81/index.shtml]. In proportion to the almost 60 million population of the country, these figure can be viewed as a small minority. Although most prevalent in London and the West Midlands, homelessness is to be found throughout the country. In proportion to the almost 60 million population of the country, this figure can be viewed as a small minority [http://www.poverty.org.uk/81/index.shtml].


By far the biggest reason for becoming homeless is loss of accommodation provided by relatives or friends (two-fifths of those deemed 'in priority need'), with a further fifth being due to relationship breakdown. This is a clear issue considering that nearly half of marriages are now ending in divorce, relationship breakdown (particularly where one spouse is the bread winner) can result in serious financial difficulty leading to the repossession of property and eviction. The family unit, a devalued institution is ironically central to the development of this disturbing social need that should not be existent in a western country with a robust social policy and provision for those most economically disadvantaged
Another key point to note is how the immigration issue is contributing to the homelessness statistics. For example, a quarter of those accepted as homeless and in priority need by English local authorities are from ethnic minorities.  This means that ethnic minority households are, overall, around three times as likely to become homeless as the majority white population. This poses a double social need, initially in the case of the homelessness situation and then in the use of public funds to support a group of people that are likely to have a high percentage of foreign nationals (however this point is beyond the scope of this paper). [http://www.poverty.org.uk/81/index.shtml].




I had the opportunity to interview one such homeless immigrant called Peter who is from Trinidad. I met him on the streets of Reading in the United Kingdom in the summer of 2009. What first caught my attention about Peter was his brilliant white beard in contrast to his dark and worn face. His clothes looked old, a bottle in one hand and a cigarette in the other. Peter seemed cheerful as he walked along the street humming away. I stopped him and asked him if I could take his picture, a little risky admittedly as he could have been drunk or high on drugs. Fortunately Peter was sober enough to hold a conversation and he agreed. As I took his photograph I asked him questions about how he came to be in Reading. He told of how he had come over in the late 50s as part of a drive by the UK government to fill jobs that had shortages including bus and train drivers. He had settled, married and had children however his marriage broke down and he was estranged from his children. The result of this collapse of his family unit drove Peter to increase his alcohol intake and propelled his drug use. It also resulted in Peter becoming homeless and sleeping rough on park benches and in doorways or in a shelter. He talked of how he wanted to return to his beautiful homeland but with no family there or money for relocation the life he now lives seemed his only option. 

My encounters with these two men gave an insight to the reality behind the statistics sighted in the article on homelessness in the UK. Those most at risk being foreigners who came to this country looking for a better life and found that the grass is not always greener on the other side of the fence.

Article first published on Passion in the Moments on 17th May 2010
Related Posts with Thumbnails